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2016 Toyota Corolla: Recalls, Complaints and Vehicle Data

Records last imported Oct 31, 2026 · Published · By CarTold Editorial Team

Owner complaints
215
Filed with NHTSA
Open investigations
1
EA21002
Combined MPG
30–34
EPA rating
Recall campaigns
1

Before you buy a 2016 Corolla

  • Open investigation

    NHTSA has one open investigation covering this year: EA21002 (engineering analysis into the air bags since Sep 2021). An open investigation is a question NHTSA is asking, not a finding of a defect.

  • Recalls vs. other years

    Its single recall campaign ties for the fewest of the six model years we cover (2016–2021); the busiest has 5.

  • Where complaints cluster

    Complaints concentrate on the air bags: 26% of the 215 on file. The top components are air bags (56, of which 39 mention a crash and 32 an injury), steering (22, of which 5 mention a crash and 3 an injury) and power train (20, of which 1 mentions a crash). Across all 215 reports, 66 describe a crash, 2 a fire and 44 at least one injury.

  • Recent reports

    10 complaints (5% of the total) were filed in the last 12 months, a slow but steady flow of new reports, most often about the power train (3).

  • Fuel economy and running cost

    Its most efficient version (1.8-litre 4-cylinder) is rated 34 mpg combined, better than most for the 2016 sedans we cover (median 30 mpg across 19 other EPA listings); the thirstiest version is rated 30 mpg. At 15,000 miles a year and the national average regular gasoline price of $4.28 (EIA, week of Oct 19, 2026), fuel would cost about $1,890 a year in the most efficient version and about $2,140 in the thirstiest.

Body class
Sedan
Drive types
Front-Wheel Drive

Complaint trends

215 complaints on file with NHTSA, by category.

Other 61 (28%)
Airbag 59 (27%)
Steering 22 (10%)
Drivetrain 20 (9%)
Brakes 19 (9%)
Visibility & lighting 15 (7%)
Electrical 13 (6%)
Engine 6 (3%)

Top components as NHTSA logged them:

  • Air bags — 32 complaints (15%)
  • Power train — 13 complaints (6%)
  • Service brakes — 13 complaints (6%)
  • Vehicle speed control — 12 complaints (6%)
  • Unknown or other — 11 complaints (5%)
  • Air bags,seat belts — 11 complaints (5%)

What owners told NHTSA

Short excerpts from owner reports submitted to NHTSA. They are unverified and describe one vehicle each.

“In 2024, my 2016 Toyota Corolla was involved in a collision. The airbags did not deploy. I went to the emergency room following the crash and later required additional medical treatment, including rehabilitation.”

Air bags · received Dec 2025

“The contact owns a 2016 Toyota Corolla. The contact stated while driving at an undisclosed speed, the vehicle downshifted with no warning light illuminated.”

Steering · received Mar 2025

“The CVT transmission on my 2016 Toyota Corolla initially suffered a complete mechanical failure and was repaired on 01/08/2024, forcing me to pay $3,696 out of pocket for a replacement at an independent shop.”

Power train · received Jul 2026

Recalls

1 campaign on file. Check a specific car with our VIN recall check.

Air bags: air bag/restraint control module · 20V024000 · 2020-01-17
In the event of a crash, air bags and/or seat belt pretensioners that do not deploy as intended may increase the risk of injury.

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2011-2019 Corolla, 2011-2013 Matrix, 2012-2018 Avalon, and 2013-2018 Avalon Hybrid vehicles. During certain crashes, the air bag electronic control unit (ECU) may malfunction, possibly disabling the deployment of the air bags and/or seat belt pretensioners.

Consequence: In the event of a crash, air bags and/or seat belt pretensioners that do not deploy as intended may increase the risk of injury.

Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the ECU and install a noise filter between the air bag control module and its wire harness, as necessary, free of charge. Owners were notified of the safety risk beginning March 2, 2020. A second letter notifying owners of the remedy repair will be mailed between March 16, 2020 and June 27, 2020.

Investigations

EA21002 (EA) Open

Air bags:frontal:driver side:inflator module, air bags:frontal:passenger side:inflator module

Opened 2021-09-17

NHTSA summary

From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.…

EA19001 (EA) Closed

Air bags: air bag/restraint control module

Opened 2019-04-19 · Closed 2024-09-19

NHTSA summary

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this investigation to determine if the failure of airbags to deploy during severe crashes, in certain vehicles, was the result of a safety related defect.  During the investigation a complex failure was studied that can result in non-deployment of subject vehicle air bags and other restraint system devices in severe crash events. The subject vehicles may be equipped with an airbag control unit (ACU) for the supplemental restraint system (SRS) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The ECU receives signals from crash sensors moun…

Manufacturer communications

Service bulletins and other notices the manufacturer filed with NHTSA. They are not recalls.

Equipment 53 documents (2015-03-28 – 2023-05-30)
DateTypeComponent
2023-05-30 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system
2022-04-28 service bulletin Equipment
2022-04-28 service bulletin Equipment, structure
2021-02-03 service bulletin Equipment
2020-08-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-05-15 service bulletin Equipment, structure
2020-04-07 service bulletin Equipment
2020-04-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-03-10 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system, equipment adaptive/mobility
2020-02-12 service bulletin Equipment
2020-02-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-02-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-02-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-02-06 service bulletin Equipment
2020-01-27 service bulletin Equipment
2020-01-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-12-12 service bulletin Equipment, equipment adaptive/mobility
2019-11-25 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system:software, equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment:e…
2019-10-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-10-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-10-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-10-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-10-23 service bulletin Equipment
2019-09-18 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system
2019-02-28 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system, equipment:electrical
2019-01-04 service bulletin Equipment
2019-01-04 service bulletin Equipment
2019-01-04 service bulletin Equipment
2018-08-31 service bulletin Equipment, equipment:other:labels
2018-08-20 service bulletin Equipment, power train
2018-08-13 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system:software, electrical system
2018-07-31 service bulletin Equipment
2018-07-20 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system:software
2018-07-06 service bulletin Equipment
2018-02-21 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system:software
2018-02-06 service bulletin Equipment, service brakes, hydraulic
2018-02-02 service bulletin Equipment
2018-01-11 service bulletin Equipment
2016-05-04 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system
2016-03-11 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system
2016-03-08 service bulletin Equipment
2016-02-18 service bulletin Equipment
2016-01-11 service bulletin Equipment
2015-12-07 service bulletin Equipment
2015-12-07 service bulletin Equipment, equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc.
2015-12-07 service bulletin Equipment
2015-12-07 service bulletin Equipment
2015-12-01 service bulletin Equipment
2015-12-01 service bulletin Equipment
2015-10-15 service bulletin Equipment
2015-09-15 service bulletin Equipment
2015-09-14 service bulletin Equipment, equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc.
2015-03-28 service bulletin Equipment, electrical system:software
Structure 31 documents (2015-07-29 – 2022-12-14)
DateTypeComponent
2022-12-14 service bulletin Structure
2022-12-14 service bulletin Structure
2022-12-14 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-18 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-18 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-18 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-17 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-17 service bulletin Structure
2022-11-17 service bulletin Structure
2022-06-14 service bulletin Structure
2022-06-14 service bulletin Structure
2022-05-18 service bulletin Structure
2022-04-28 service bulletin Structure, equipment
2021-11-23 service bulletin Structure
2021-10-28 service bulletin Structure
2021-10-27 service bulletin Structure
2020-10-27 service bulletin Structure
2020-10-27 service bulletin Structure
2020-02-06 service bulletin Structure
2020-02-06 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2019-12-04 service bulletin Structure
2018-06-13 service bulletin Structure
2015-07-29 service bulletin Structure, electrical system, equipment:mechanical
2015-07-29 service bulletin Structure, equipment:mechanical, electrical system
Structure:body 29 documents (2016-05-19 – 2024-07-29)
DateTypeComponent
2024-07-29 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-29 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-07-12 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-06-21 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-06-21 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-05-17 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-05-15 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2024-04-19 service bulletin Structure:body
2022-11-17 service bulletin Structure:body
2022-11-17 service bulletin Structure:body
2020-08-06 service bulletin Structure:body, equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment
2020-05-15 service bulletin Structure:body, equipment
2019-08-09 service bulletin Structure:body
2019-08-09 service bulletin Structure:body
2019-08-09 service bulletin Structure:body
2019-08-08 service bulletin Structure:body
2019-08-08 service bulletin Structure:body
2017-03-07 service bulletin Structure:body
2016-05-19 service bulletin Structure:body
Electrical system 18 documents (2015-01-15 – 2019-09-16)
DateTypeComponent
2019-09-16 service bulletin Electrical system
2018-08-28 service bulletin Electrical system, power train
2018-08-02 service bulletin Electrical system, power train, exterior lighting
2018-05-07 service bulletin Electrical system, power train
2017-11-22 service bulletin Electrical system
2017-01-06 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-10-03 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-09-14 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-07-18 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-06-09 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-03-11 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-03-08 service bulletin Electrical system
2016-02-25 service bulletin Electrical system, equipment
2015-12-14 service bulletin Electrical system, electrical system:12V/24V/48V battery
2015-12-14 service bulletin Electrical system
2015-09-15 service bulletin Electrical system, equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc.
2015-05-19 service bulletin Electrical system, electrical system:12V/24V/48V battery
2015-01-15 service bulletin Electrical system
Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual 15 documents (1991-01-18 – 2024-01-22)
DateTypeComponent
2024-01-22 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2022-05-26 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2021-05-24 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2021-03-18 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2019-07-09 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2019-03-28 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2019-02-07 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2018-08-02 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual, electrical system:software
2018-05-07 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2017-10-30 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2017-07-20 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual, air bags
2016-07-21 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual, equipment
2015-10-15 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
2001-05-04 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
1991-01-18 service bulletin Equipment:other:owners/service/other manual
Electrical system:software 13 documents (2015-01-15 – 2020-03-10)
DateTypeComponent
2020-03-10 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2018-09-17 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2018-08-21 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2018-08-20 service bulletin Electrical system:software, power train:automatic transmission
2018-08-02 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2018-08-02 service bulletin Electrical system:software, power train
2016-11-29 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2016-05-04 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2016-04-04 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2016-02-25 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2016-01-11 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2015-03-28 service bulletin Electrical system:software
2015-01-15 service bulletin Electrical system:software, engine
Equipment:electrical 11 documents (2015-07-23 – 2021-10-01)
DateTypeComponent
2021-10-01 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
2018-09-12 service bulletin Equipment:electrical, equipment
2017-11-28 service bulletin Equipment:electrical, equipment
2017-07-12 service bulletin Equipment:electrical, equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc.
2017-02-28 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
2016-08-30 service bulletin Equipment:electrical, equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc.
2016-04-26 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
2015-10-13 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
2015-10-13 service bulletin Equipment:electrical, equipment:electrical:navigational system(global positioni…
2015-07-23 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
2015-07-23 service bulletin Equipment:electrical
Equipment adaptive/mobility 11 documents (2015-08-19 – 2020-10-12)
DateTypeComponent
2020-10-12 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, electrical system, steering, equipment
2020-09-14 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment
2020-09-14 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment
2019-12-19 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility
2019-12-12 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment
2018-03-28 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, electrical system:software, power train:automatic …
2017-11-28 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility
2016-05-19 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, structure
2015-08-19 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility, equipment:electrical, equipment:electrical:anti-th…
2015-08-19 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility
2015-08-19 service bulletin Equipment adaptive/mobility
Show all 41 categories
Power train 10 documents (2015-03-28 – 2019-09-03)
DateTypeComponent
2019-09-03 service bulletin Power train
2019-07-01 service bulletin Power train, electrical system, engine
2019-01-25 service bulletin Power train
2018-08-02 service bulletin Power train, exterior lighting, electrical system
2018-08-02 service bulletin Power train, electrical system:software
2018-08-02 service bulletin Power train, electrical system:software
2017-10-05 service bulletin Power train
2015-03-28 service bulletin Power train
2015-03-28 service bulletin Power train
2015-03-28 service bulletin Power train
Equipment:appliance:air conditioner 9 documents (2015-05-13 – 2021-07-26)
DateTypeComponent
2021-07-26 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2019-07-09 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner, equipment adaptive/mobility
2019-02-25 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2018-12-03 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2017-04-12 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2017-03-08 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2016-11-10 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2015-05-13 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
2015-05-13 service bulletin Equipment:appliance:air conditioner
Engine 7 documents (2016-07-18 – 2024-06-19)
DateTypeComponent
2024-06-19 service bulletin Engine
2024-06-19 service bulletin Engine
2018-08-02 service bulletin Engine, electrical system:software, power train
2017-12-21 service bulletin Engine
2017-09-11 service bulletin Engine, electrical system
2016-09-14 service bulletin Engine
2016-07-18 service bulletin Engine, hybrid propulsion system
Service brakes 7 documents (2016-07-25 – 2022-03-17)
DateTypeComponent
2022-03-17 service bulletin Service brakes, hydraulic, back over prevention
2020-12-14 service bulletin Service brakes, hydraulic
2020-12-14 service bulletin Service brakes, back over prevention
2017-11-14 service bulletin Service brakes
2017-01-26 service bulletin Service brakes
2016-07-25 service bulletin Service brakes
2016-07-25 service bulletin Service brakes
Wheels 4 documents (2015-09-15 – 2022-11-21)
DateTypeComponent
2022-11-21 service bulletin Wheels, back over prevention, engine and engine cooling, steering
2016-03-22 service bulletin Wheels
2016-03-22 service bulletin Wheels, structure:frame and members
2015-09-15 service bulletin Wheels, trailer hitches, equipment:mechanical
Tires 4 documents (2015-09-15 – 2022-01-12)
DateTypeComponent
2022-01-12 service bulletin Tires, equipment:other:owners/service/other manual, wheels
2018-02-12 service bulletin Tires
2018-02-12 service bulletin Tires
2015-09-15 service bulletin Tires
Equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc. 4 documents (2015-06-17 – 2017-07-07)
DateTypeComponent
2017-07-07 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc., electrical system:software
2015-09-14 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc., electrical system
2015-06-17 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc., electrical system:software, equip…
2015-06-17 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:radio/tape deck/CD etc., equipment:electrical
Air bags 3 documents (2021-03-17 – 2023-12-14)
DateTypeComponent
2023-12-14 service bulletin Air bags
2022-11-23 service bulletin Air bags
2021-03-17 service bulletin Air bags
Seats 3 documents (2018-02-02 – 2022-02-01)
DateTypeComponent
2022-02-01 service bulletin Seats
2021-03-05 service bulletin Seats
2018-02-02 service bulletin Seats, equipment
Back over prevention 2 documents (2020-10-16 – 2021-03-12)
DateTypeComponent
2021-03-12 service bulletin Back over prevention, service brakes
2020-10-16 service bulletin Back over prevention
Steering 2 documents (2019-10-21 – 2020-10-21)
DateTypeComponent
2020-10-21 service bulletin Steering, wheels, back over prevention, engine and engine cooling
2019-10-21 service bulletin Steering
Equipment:electrical:anti-theft devices 2 documents (2015-08-19 – 2017-03-23)
DateTypeComponent
2017-03-23 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:anti-theft devices
2015-08-19 service bulletin Equipment:electrical:anti-theft devices
Fuel system 2 documents (2016-07-28)
DateTypeComponent
2016-07-28 service bulletin Fuel system, gasoline:storage:tank assembly:filler pipe and cap, fuel/propulsio…
2016-07-28 service bulletin Fuel system, gasoline
Equipment:mechanical 2 documents (2015-07-29)
DateTypeComponent
2015-07-29 service bulletin Equipment:mechanical, electrical system, structure
2015-07-29 service bulletin Equipment:mechanical, structure, electrical system
Engine and engine cooling:engine:oil/lubrication 1 document (2024-03-04)
DateTypeComponent
2024-03-04 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling:engine:oil/lubrication, engine and engine cooling
Visibility:defroster/defogger/HVAC system:refrigerant hoses and fittings 1 document (2023-08-21)
DateTypeComponent
2023-08-21 service bulletin Visibility:defroster/defogger/HVAC system:refrigerant hoses and fittings
Vehicle speed control 1 document (2023-08-17)
DateTypeComponent
2023-08-17 service bulletin Vehicle speed control, equipment, air bags
Electrical system:wiring 1 document (2022-01-28)
DateTypeComponent
2022-01-28 service bulletin Electrical system:wiring
Engine and engine cooling:cooling system:hoses/lines/piping/fittings 1 document (2020-10-21)
DateTypeComponent
2020-10-21 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling:cooling system:hoses/lines/piping/fittings
Engine and engine cooling:cooling system:pump 1 document (2020-10-16)
DateTypeComponent
2020-10-16 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling:cooling system:pump, equipment
Engine and engine cooling:cooling system 1 document (2020-07-30)
DateTypeComponent
2020-07-30 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling:cooling system
Suspension:front:control arm 1 document (2020-07-09)
DateTypeComponent
2020-07-09 service bulletin Suspension:front:control arm, electronic stability control:automatic (asc)
Equipment:other:labels 1 document (2018-08-31)
DateTypeComponent
2018-08-31 service bulletin Equipment:other:labels, equipment
Power train:automatic transmission:internal:CVT 1 document (2018-08-28)
DateTypeComponent
2018-08-28 service bulletin Power train:automatic transmission:internal:CVT, electrical system:software
Power train:automatic transmission 1 document (2018-08-13)
DateTypeComponent
2018-08-13 service bulletin Power train:automatic transmission, power train, electrical system:software
Engine and engine cooling 1 document (2018-06-06)
DateTypeComponent
2018-06-06 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling, power train
Engine and engine cooling:exhaust system:emission control 1 document (2018-02-06)
DateTypeComponent
2018-02-06 service bulletin Engine and engine cooling:exhaust system:emission control, engine
Structure:body:door 1 document (2017-10-27)
DateTypeComponent
2017-10-27 service bulletin Structure:body:door
Wheels:lugs/nuts/bolts/studs 1 document (2016-10-25)
DateTypeComponent
2016-10-25 service bulletin Wheels:lugs/nuts/bolts/studs
Power train:automatic transmission:torque converter 1 document (2016-10-20)
DateTypeComponent
2016-10-20 service bulletin Power train:automatic transmission:torque converter
Power train:automatic transmission:control module (tcm/pcm/tecm) 1 document (2016-07-18)
DateTypeComponent
2016-07-18 service bulletin Power train:automatic transmission:control module (tcm/pcm/tecm), electrical sy…
Unknown or other 1 document (2016-02-18)
DateTypeComponent
2016-02-18 service bulletin Unknown or other
Electrical system:12V/24V/48V battery 1 document (2015-05-19)
DateTypeComponent
2015-05-19 service bulletin Electrical system:12V/24V/48V battery, electrical system

261 communications on file, grouped into 41 categories.

Fuel economy

TrimEngineTransmissionDriveCityHwyCombined
Corolla LE Eco 1.8L 4cyl Automatic (variable gear ratios) Front-Wheel Drive 30 40 34
Corolla LE Eco 1.8L 4cyl Automatic (variable gear ratios) Front-Wheel Drive 30 38 33
Corolla 1.8L 4cyl Automatic (variable gear ratios) Front-Wheel Drive 29 37 32
Corolla 1.8L 4cyl Automatic (AV-S7) Front-Wheel Drive 28 36 31
Corolla 1.8L 4cyl Manual 6-spd Front-Wheel Drive 28 36 31
Corolla 1.8L 4cyl Automatic 4-spd Front-Wheel Drive 27 35 30

Fuel cost calculator

Safety ratings

ConfigurationOverallFrontalSideRollover
2016 Toyota Corolla 4 DR FWD ★★★★★ 5/5 5/5 5/5 4/5

Built from NHTSA, EPA (fueleconomy.gov) and EIA records with fixed rules; complaint counts reflect reporting, not defect rates. How we make CarTold · Methodology · Buyer guides